{"id":3813,"date":"2025-11-09T00:05:21","date_gmt":"2025-11-08T23:05:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/?p=3813"},"modified":"2025-11-10T07:54:24","modified_gmt":"2025-11-10T06:54:24","slug":"la-fin-de-lhistoire-selon-jens-harder","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/index.php\/2025\/11\/09\/la-fin-de-lhistoire-selon-jens-harder\/","title":{"rendered":"La fin de l\u2019Histoire selon Jens Harder"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La sortie de <em>Gamma\u2026 visions<\/em> met un terme \u00e0 la folle entreprise de Jens Harder, entam\u00e9e avec <em>Alpha\u2026 directions<\/em> (2009) et poursuivie avec <em>Beta\u2026. Civilisations I et II<\/em> (les trois premiers volumes viennent d\u2019\u00eatre r\u00e9imprim\u00e9s, augment\u00e9s d\u2019une jaquette). Cette t\u00e9tralogie, qui repr\u00e9sente vingt ann\u00e9es de travail, peut d\u00e9sormais \u00eatre appr\u00e9ci\u00e9e dans sa pleine dimension, du point de d\u00e9part de l\u2019humanit\u00e9 (le Big Bang) jusqu\u2019\u00e0 son point d\u2019arriv\u00e9e (pour des raisons d\u2019\u00e9quilibre et d\u2019esth\u00e9tique plus que par conviction, l\u2019auteur retient l\u2019hypoth\u00e8se du \u00ab Big Crunch \u00bb).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload size-medium wp-image-3815 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/couve-Gamma-196x300.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/couve-Gamma-196x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"196\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27196%27%20height%3D%27300%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20196%20300%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27196%27%20height%3D%27300%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/couve-Gamma-196x300.jpg 196w, https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/couve-Gamma-200x306.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/couve-Gamma-400x613.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/couve-Gamma-600x919.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/couve-Gamma-668x1024.jpg 668w, https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/couve-Gamma.jpg 720w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 196px) 100vw, 196px\" \/>J\u2019ai relat\u00e9 dans <em>Une vie dans les cases<\/em> comment j\u2019ai fait la connaissance de Jens, venu au festival d\u2019Angoul\u00eame, pour la premi\u00e8re fois, en juillet 2003. Je l\u2019ai vu s\u2019arr\u00eater devant mon stand, o\u00f9 n\u2019\u00e9taient encore propos\u00e9s que cinq livres (je commen\u00e7ais juste mon activit\u00e9), avec son carton \u00e0 dessin sous le bras. Il m\u2019a montr\u00e9 les premi\u00e8res planches de <em>Leviathan<\/em> et j\u2019ai instantan\u00e9ment eu la certitude d\u2019\u00eatre devant un auteur au sens plein du terme, porteur d\u2019un univers tr\u00e8s personnel. Je lui ai dit que ce n\u2019\u00e9tait pas la peine d\u2019aller voir aucun autre \u00e9diteur, que j\u2019\u00e9tais tr\u00e8s d\u00e9sireux de faire ce livre avec lui et que je lui enverrais un contrat d\u00e8s la semaine suivante. Il m\u2019a accord\u00e9 sa confiance, et notre collaboration s\u2019est poursuivie pendant deux d\u00e9cennies, jusqu\u2019\u00e0 ma retraite d\u2019\u00e9diteur.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le jury du festival d\u2019Angoul\u00eame avait couronn\u00e9 <em>Alpha\u2026 directions<\/em> d\u2019un \u00ab\u00a0Prix de l\u2019audace \u00bb cr\u00e9\u00e9 pour l\u2019occasion. D\u00e8s ce volume inaugural, on mesurait en effet le caract\u00e8re exceptionnel, hors-norme, empreint d\u2019une t\u00e9m\u00e9rit\u00e9 et d\u2019une ambition qui laissaient pantois, d\u2019un projet scientifique autant qu\u2019artistique, qui ne visait \u00e0 rien moins qu\u2019\u00e0 r\u00e9capituler l\u2019histoire du monde et l\u2019odyss\u00e9e de la vie (c\u2019est moi qui ai propos\u00e9 \u00e0 Jens, d\u2019abord r\u00e9ticent, de donner ce titre \u2013 emprunt\u00e9 \u00e0 Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Lyotard et Michel Serres \u2013 \u00e0 l\u2019ensemble du cycle\u00a0: <em>Le Grand R\u00e9cit<\/em>). Quant \u00e0 la m\u00e9thode, que j\u2019ai amplement comment\u00e9e ailleurs (voir le chapitre 10 de <em>Un art en expansion<\/em> et le chapitre sur \u00ab Le temps long et sa repr\u00e9sentation \u00bb dans <em>La Bande dessin\u00e9e et le temps<\/em>), elle consiste, comme l\u2019on sait, \u00e0 r\u00e9unir, monter et faire dialoguer des images de toutes provenances, redessin\u00e9es, qui r\u00e9capitulent le patrimoine iconographique de l\u2019humanit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_3817\" style=\"width: 610px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3817\" class=\"lazyload wp-image-3817 size-fusion-600\" src=\"https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Gamma-p21-600x941.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Gamma-p21-600x941.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"941\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27941%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20600%20941%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27941%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Gamma-p21-191x300.jpg 191w, https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Gamma-p21-200x314.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Gamma-p21-400x627.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Gamma-p21-600x941.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Gamma-p21-653x1024.jpg 653w, https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Gamma-p21-768x1204.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Gamma-p21-800x1254.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Gamma-p21.jpg 845w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-3817\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u00a9 Actes Sud<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><em>Gamma\u2026 visions<\/em> d\u00e9concertera sans doute les lecteurs d\u2019<em>Alpha<\/em> et <em>Beta<\/em>. C\u2019est assur\u00e9ment un ouvrage plus clivant, qui peut s\u00e9duire ou irriter. D\u2019abord, parce qu\u2019il y a moins de diversit\u00e9 dans les images convoqu\u00e9es, qui appartiennent cette fois dans leur presque totalit\u00e9 \u00e0 un r\u00e9pertoire plus homog\u00e8ne et mieux identifi\u00e9, celui de la science-fiction\u00a0: robots, astronefs, machines en tous genres, villes, stations orbitales et colonies du futur, en un mot tous les motifs de l\u2019imaginaire technologique, jusqu\u2019\u00e0 l\u2019indigestion. Ensuite parce que ces images sont comme solaris\u00e9es, pixellis\u00e9es, quelquefois difficiles \u00e0 lire pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment, et soutenues par un bleu froid et lumineux qui pique les yeux.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fid\u00e8le aux principes structurants observ\u00e9s dans les livres pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents, l\u2019auteur divise son propos en chapitres, p\u00e9riodisant le futur, et conclut chacun d\u2019eux par une synth\u00e8se chronologique r\u00e9capitulative. Cela donne par exemple des propositions telles que<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><em>2041\u00a0: lancement de la monnaie mondiale Globo.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><em>2054\u00a0: Naissance du premier <\/em>Human<em> sur la Lune.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mais aussi, plus \u00e9nigmatiques\u00a0:<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><em>2079\u00a0: Le design des r\u00eaves est interdit.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ou\u00a0:<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><em>2098-2113\u00a0: P\u00e9riode des Quinze \u00c9t\u00e9s \u00e9vanouis.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ou\u00a0encore :<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><em>4000\u00a0: L\u2019ach\u00e8vement du module de Dyson est annonc\u00e9.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">En s\u2019appuyant sur les th\u00e9ories et les connaissances actuelles, Jens Harder a donc enti\u00e8rement sc\u00e9naris\u00e9 un \u00ab futur possible \u00bb \u2013 essentiellement post-humaniste et qui, c\u2019est le moins que l\u2019on puisse dire, ne fait pas r\u00eaver \u2013 dont on peut suivre les grandes lignes sans pour autant en comprendre tous les m\u00e9andres. Rien qu\u2019en cela, il va bien au-del\u00e0 des \u0153uvres d\u2019anticipation ou des r\u00e9cits dystopiques habituels, qui presque tous imaginent un \u00e9tat de la civilisation, dans telle partie du monde, \u00e0 tel moment donn\u00e9. Au contraire, <em>Gamma\u2026 visions<\/em> tire tous les fils de notre avenir (climatique, biologique, technologique, politique\u2026), les entrelace et les suit sur plusieurs mill\u00e9naires sans laisser aucun trou dans la trame des \u00e9v\u00e9nements. La prouesse est stup\u00e9fiante.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_3818\" style=\"width: 610px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3818\" class=\"lazyload wp-image-3818 size-fusion-600\" src=\"https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Gamma-p99-600x938.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Gamma-p99-600x938.jpg\" alt=\"Jens Harder, \u00ab Gamma... visions \u00bb p. 99\" width=\"600\" height=\"938\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27938%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20600%20938%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27938%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Gamma-p99-192x300.jpg 192w, https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Gamma-p99-200x313.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Gamma-p99-400x625.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Gamma-p99-600x938.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Gamma-p99-655x1024.jpg 655w, https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Gamma-p99.jpg 763w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-3818\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u00a9 Actes Sud<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Elle l\u2019est d\u2019autant plus que Jens feint de laisser \u00e0 l\u2019IA la responsabilit\u00e9 du r\u00e9cit (ce qui explique notamment le d\u00e9r\u00e8glement de l\u2019orthographe). Un subterfuge narratif d\u2019autant plus pertinent que Jens s\u2019est effectivement appuy\u00e9 massivement sur l\u2019IA dans le processus de r\u00e9alisation de ce livre. Les planches des trois volumes pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents avaient \u00e9t\u00e9 dessin\u00e9es sur papier. <em>Gamma<\/em>, au contraire, est enti\u00e8rement digital. L\u2019auteur avait d\u2019abord souhait\u00e9 retraiter toutes ses images source au moyen d\u2019un algorythme. Le r\u00e9sultat ne l\u2019ayant pas convaincu, il a renonc\u00e9 \u00e0 cette id\u00e9e, mais pas \u00e0 recourir \u00e0 l\u2019IA\u00a0: invit\u00e9e \u00e0 \u00ab\u00a0halluciner\u00a0\u00bb son propre d\u00e9veloppement et les cons\u00e9quences de son h\u00e9g\u00e9monie dans l\u2019avenir, elle a (via, notamment, des programmes comme MidJourney et StableDiffusion) g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9 des images in\u00e9dites qui repr\u00e9sentent 10 \u00e0 15 % du total des cases de l\u2019album.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Plus encore que les premiers tomes de cette t\u00e9tralogie qui marque d\u2019ores et d\u00e9j\u00e0 l\u2019histoire du neuvi\u00e8me art, <em>Gamma\u2026 visions<\/em> donne \u00e9norm\u00e9ment \u00e0 penser\u2026 et n\u2019est pas sans renforcer les inqui\u00e9tudes qui traversent le temps pr\u00e9sent. \u00ab En suscitant un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne de catharsis, cet imaginaire technomorphe permet de purger le processus d\u2019innovation de ses passions n\u00e9gatives et de l\u2019orienter vers le progr\u00e8s de l\u2019humanit\u00e9 \u00bb, a \u00e9crit le prospectiviste Thomas Michaud dans la revue <em>Technologie et innovation<\/em> (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.openscience.fr\/Science-fiction-et-les-enjeux-de-l-imaginaire-technologique\">https:\/\/www.openscience.fr\/Science-fiction-et-les-enjeux-de-l-imaginaire-technologique<\/a>). Puisse-t-il dire vrai et <em>Gamma <\/em>contribuer \u00e0 ce sursaut.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La sortie de Gamma\u2026 visions met un terme \u00e0 la folle entreprise de Jens Harder, entam\u00e9e avec Alpha\u2026 directions (2009) et poursuivie avec Beta\u2026. Civilisations I et II (les trois premiers volumes viennent d\u2019\u00eatre r\u00e9imprim\u00e9s, augment\u00e9s d\u2019une jaquette). Cette t\u00e9tralogie, qui repr\u00e9sente vingt ann\u00e9es de travail, peut d\u00e9sormais \u00eatre appr\u00e9ci\u00e9e dans sa pleine dimension, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3816,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[70],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3813","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mon-blog"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>La fin de l\u2019Histoire selon Jens Harder - le site de Thierry Groensteen<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/index.php\/2025\/11\/09\/la-fin-de-lhistoire-selon-jens-harder\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La fin de l\u2019Histoire selon Jens Harder - le site de Thierry Groensteen\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La sortie de Gamma\u2026 visions met un terme \u00e0 la folle entreprise de Jens Harder, entam\u00e9e avec Alpha\u2026 directions (2009) et poursuivie avec Beta\u2026. 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