{"id":2673,"date":"2023-12-11T00:05:07","date_gmt":"2023-12-10T23:05:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/?p=2673"},"modified":"2023-12-04T15:29:13","modified_gmt":"2023-12-04T14:29:13","slug":"la-bande-dessinee-commence-seulement-a-celebrer-ses-creatrices","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thierry-groensteen.fr\/index.php\/2023\/12\/11\/la-bande-dessinee-commence-seulement-a-celebrer-ses-creatrices\/","title":{"rendered":"La bande dessin\u00e9e commence seulement \u00e0 c\u00e9l\u00e9brer ses cr\u00e9atrices"},"content":{"rendered":"

En mai 2006, l\u2019association Mn\u00e9mosyne (association pour le d\u00e9veloppement de l\u2019histoire des femmes et du genre), \u00e0 la suite d\u2019une journ\u00e9e d\u2019\u00e9tudes organis\u00e9e le 1er<\/sup> octobre 2005, consacrait le quatri\u00e8me num\u00e9ro de son bulletin d\u2019information \u00e0 la bande dessin\u00e9e, abord\u00e9e comme un \u00ab nouveau chantier \u00bb\u00a0; on y lisait notamment la retranscription d\u2019une table ronde \u00e0 laquelle j\u2019avais particip\u00e9, aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s de Chantal Montellier, Jeanne Puchol et Perrine Rouillon.<\/p>\n

Depuis, la f\u00e9minisation de la profession est all\u00e9e bon train, et les \u00e9vidences d\u2019une meilleure prise en compte de la contribution des femmes au neuvi\u00e8me art se sont multipli\u00e9es. Cela passe par la d\u00e9soccultation des cr\u00e9atrices du pass\u00e9 n\u00e9glig\u00e9es par l\u2019histoire officielle (je pense notamment \u00e0 la red\u00e9couverte de l\u2019\u0153uvre de Nicolas Claveloux, ou \u00e0 la th\u00e8se de Jessica Kohn \u2013 soutenue en 2018, et publi\u00e9e en mai 2022 aux \u00e9ditions de la Sorbonne sous le titre Dessiner des petits Mickeys<\/em> \u2013, qui a r\u00e9pertori\u00e9 quarante-et-une femmes dessinatrices ayant publi\u00e9 dans les illustr\u00e9s franco-belges entre 1945 et 1968)\u00a0; et par la place r\u00e9serv\u00e9e aux cr\u00e9atrices par les instances de l\u00e9gitimation, tels que mus\u00e9es et festivals. Au Centre Pompidou, la BPI pr\u00e9sente actuellement une exposition Posy Simmonds (pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment honor\u00e9e \u00e0 la Maison de la BD de Blois et \u00e0 la Ferme du Buisson), apr\u00e8s avoir d\u00e9j\u00e0 accueilli Claire Bret\u00e9cher en 2015 et Catherine Meurisse en 2020. Le festival d\u2019Angoul\u00eame avait attribu\u00e9 son grand Prix \u00e0 Florence Cestac en 2002\u00a0; il a fallu attendre dix-sept ann\u00e9es suppl\u00e9mentaires pour que cette cons\u00e9cration \u00e9choie de nouveau \u00e0 une femme, Rumiko Takahashi (en 2019 donc), mais seulement trois ans avant le couronnement de Julie Doucet en 2022.<\/p>\n

Le Grand Prix T\u00f6pffer, d\u00e9cern\u00e9 annuellement \u00e0 Gen\u00e8ve, et qui couronne lui aussi l\u2019ensemble d\u2019une carri\u00e8re, a fait beaucoup plus fort, en r\u00e9compensant successivement Dominique Goblet (2020), Catherine Meurisse (2021), Posy Simmonds (2022) et Rutu Modan (2023).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

On ne peut naturellement que se r\u00e9jouir de tout cela, tout en observant que, si le FIBD a accompagn\u00e9 son ouverture aux mangas par la publication de tr\u00e8s beaux catalogues d\u00e9di\u00e9s \u00e0 Mizuki, Tezuka, Matsumoto ou Tsuge, Takahashi, elle, n\u2019a pas eu droit au sien. Et il faut bien constater que les \u00e9tudes et autres documents de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence sur les femmes restent exceptionnellement peu nombreux dans la sph\u00e8re francophone. Certes, Chantal Montellier (La Reconstitution<\/em>, Actes Sud \/ L\u2019An 2, 2014) et Trina Robbins (Last Girl Standing<\/em>, Bliss \u00e9ditions, 2022) ont publi\u00e9 leurs souvenirs, et Marion Fayolle s\u2019est pr\u00eat\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019exercice du livre d\u2019entretiens (j\u2019en ai rendu compte ici-m\u00eame voici quelques jours), mais pour le reste, il faut s\u2019en remettre aux efforts du seul sp\u00e9cialiste britannique Paul Gravett, qui nous a donn\u00e9 So british\u00a0! l\u2019art de Posy Simmonds<\/em> (Deno\u00ebl Graphic, 2018) et r\u00e9cemment un Tove Jansson<\/em> chez Flammarion, volume inaugural de la nouvelle collection \u00ab\u00a0Les Illustrateurs\u00a0\u00bb. On cherche toujours en vain le moindre travail consacr\u00e9 \u00e0 une femme dans les collections sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es, qu\u2019il s\u2019agisse de \u00ab\u00a0M\u00e9moires vives\u00a0\u00bb chez PLG ou d\u2019\u00ab Iconotextes \u00bb aux Presses universitaires de Tours.<\/p>\n

Il para\u00eet qu\u2019une monographie sur Claire Bret\u00e9cher est en pr\u00e9paration chez Dargaud. De son c\u00f4t\u00e9, le groupe Les Br\u00e9choises (constitu\u00e9 en 2020 pour d\u00e9velopper la recherche sur les cr\u00e9atrices de bande dessin\u00e9e), dans le prolongement du colloque \u00ab\u00a0Faire corps ? Repr\u00e9sentations et revendications des cr\u00e9atrices de bandes dessin\u00e9es en Europe et dans les Am\u00e9riques \u00bb qui a eu lieu en 2022) \u00e0 Paris (BnF) et \u00e0 Saint-Denis (Maison des Sciences de l\u2019Homme), pr\u00e9pare, sous la direction de Marys Renn\u00e9 Hertiman et Camille de Singly, la publication, aux Presses du R\u00e9el, d\u2019un ouvrage collectif annonc\u00e9 pour le 2e<\/sup> trimestre 2024, qui aura pour titre Construire un matrimoine de la BD \u2013 Cr\u00e9ations, mobilisations et transmissions des femmes dans le neuvi\u00e8me art, en Europe et en Am\u00e9rique<\/em>. Il contiendra notamment des contributions sur l\u2019Espagnole N\u00faria Pompeia, l\u2019Am\u00e9ricaine Roberta Gregory ou l\u2019Autrichienne Ulli Lust, sans oublier de faire une place \u00e0 la corporation des coloristes.<\/p>\n

Le corpus, on le voit, reste mince.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

En mai 2006, l\u2019association Mn\u00e9mosyne (association pour le d\u00e9veloppement de l\u2019histoire des femmes et du genre), \u00e0 la suite d\u2019une journ\u00e9e d\u2019\u00e9tudes organis\u00e9e le 1er octobre 2005, consacrait le quatri\u00e8me num\u00e9ro de son bulletin d\u2019information \u00e0 la bande dessin\u00e9e, abord\u00e9e comme un \u00ab nouveau chantier \u00bb\u00a0; on y lisait notamment la retranscription d\u2019une table […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2694,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[70],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2673","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mon-blog"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLa bande dessin\u00e9e commence seulement \u00e0 c\u00e9l\u00e9brer ses cr\u00e9atrices - le site de Thierry Groensteen<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, 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